The important enteropathogen can cause lethal systemic infection survival and replication in host macrophages. Lactate represents an abundant intracellular metabolite during bacterial infection, which can also induce macrophage M2 polarization. In this study, we found that macrophage-derived lactate promotes the intracellular replication and systemic infection of . During infection, lactate the type III secretion system effector SteE promotes macrophage M2 polarization, and the induction of macrophage M2 polarization by lactate is responsible for lactate-mediated growth promotion. This study highlights the complex interactions between and macrophages and provides an additional perspective on host-pathoge... More